The amount of increment during expanding or contracting for each matter will be different, based on their characteristics.
Generally, the expansion and contraction of gas is the biggest amongst other, and the expansion and contraction of liquid is bigger than solid.
To know the increment, people conducted an experiment to find the difference at certain temperature and found the number as linear coefficient of thermal expansion (for an increment in length) and volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion (for an increment in volume).
By knowing those data, you can assume which matter will give you higher length / volume under hot condition and contrary lower length / volume under cold condition.
For example if you want to create a liquid thermometer, you should find material with high expandibility for its liquid hence a low expandibility for the liquid' container (it's explained why thermometer are covered with glass, which is less to expand compare to the liquid / alcohol / mercury).
You can see also that the increment depends on the temperature changes.
What else might influence the increment?
How about the initial length or volume?
I run an experiment as follow to find their relationship.
First, I gave a matter (which has linear coefficient of thermal expansion 12 10^-6 /C and volumetric coeffiicient of thermal expansion 36 10^-6 / C) a number of temperature changes and find the increment at two point of view that is length and volume.
I got data as follow :
Second, I gave the same matters (with various length / volume) a same temperature change, then observe their final length and volume.
I got data as follow :
I got data as follow :
Can you find the relation ship of the initial, final, coefficient of thermal expansion and temperature changes?You are right, the final length / volume will increase as the initial length / volume increase also they can be increased by getting higher temperature changes.
We can say that :
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